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Abstract

Objectives: Neonatal mortality is a global burden both in developed and developing countries. Marked disparities exist across countries. In Ethiopia, the neonatal mortality rate is unacceptably high. Even though some published research exists, there is a lack of data regarding the magnitude and factors associated with mortality in neonates. The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and factors associated with mortality in neonates admitted to intensive care units in northern Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was employed among 325 neonates admitted to intensive care units in public hospitals from October 2021 to May 2022. Systematic random sampling was used to select the study participants. Data were entered using Epi-data V-4.4.3.1 and exported to SPSS V-20 for analysis. The binary logistic model was fitted with a 95% CI, and a P-value < 0.05. Results: In this study, a total of 42 (12.93%) neonates died. On multivariable analysis, rural residence (AOR: 5.6; 95% CI: 1.39, 22.42), respiratory distress syndrome(AOR: 6.9; 95% CI: 1.58, 30.90), 1st-minute APGAR score <7 (AOR: 18.7; 95% CI: 3.5, 100.2), rupture of membrane >12 hours (AOR: 8.3; 95% CI: 2.03, 34.01), out-born (AOR: 7.2; 95% CI: 1.71, 29.88), and meconium aspiration syndrome (AOR: 20.3; 95% CI: 4.6, 89.9) were factors associated with mortality. Conclusion: The magnitude of neonatal mortality was found to be high while living in rural, home deliveries (out born), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), rupture of membrane for more than 12 hours, having APGAR Score less than 7 at first minute and meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) were found the leading causes of neonatal mortality. Addressing the identified neonatal mortality causes would improve the neonatal survival.

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